mirror of
https://github.com/mukul975/Anthropic-Cybersecurity-Skills.git
synced 2026-06-15 23:44:56 +03:00
Add 5 new cybersecurity skills with full implementations
- implementing-vulnerability-management-with-greenbone: python-gvm GMP API, scan task creation, XML report parsing - detecting-email-account-compromise: Microsoft Graph inbox rules, impossible travel detection, OAuth grant analysis - performing-threat-intelligence-sharing-with-misp: PyMISP event creation, attribute management, sharing validation - analyzing-cobaltstrike-malleable-c2-profiles: dissect.cobaltstrike C2Profile parsing, Suricata rule generation - hunting-for-registry-run-key-persistence: Sysmon Event 13 analysis, T1547.001 detection, Sigma rule generation
This commit is contained in:
mukul975
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
MIT License
|
||||
|
||||
Copyright (c) 2025 Mahipal
|
||||
|
||||
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
|
||||
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
|
||||
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
|
||||
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
|
||||
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
|
||||
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
|
||||
|
||||
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
|
||||
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
|
||||
|
||||
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
|
||||
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
|
||||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
|
||||
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
|
||||
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
|
||||
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
|
||||
SOFTWARE.
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
|
||||
---
|
||||
name: detecting-credential-dumping-techniques
|
||||
description: Detect LSASS credential dumping, SAM database extraction, and NTDS.dit theft using Sysmon Event ID 10, Windows Security logs, and SIEM correlation rules
|
||||
domain: cybersecurity
|
||||
subdomain: threat-detection
|
||||
tags:
|
||||
- credential-dumping
|
||||
- lsass
|
||||
- mimikatz
|
||||
- sysmon
|
||||
- active-directory
|
||||
- windows-security
|
||||
- defense-evasion
|
||||
version: "1.0"
|
||||
author: mahipal
|
||||
license: Apache-2.0
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
# Detecting Credential Dumping Techniques
|
||||
|
||||
## Overview
|
||||
|
||||
Credential dumping (MITRE ATT&CK T1003) is a post-exploitation technique where adversaries extract authentication credentials from OS memory, registry hives, or domain controller databases. This skill covers detection of LSASS memory access via Sysmon Event ID 10 (ProcessAccess), SAM registry hive export via reg.exe, NTDS.dit extraction via ntdsutil/vssadmin, and comsvcs.dll MiniDump abuse. Detection rules analyze GrantedAccess bitmasks, suspicious calling processes, and known tool signatures.
|
||||
|
||||
## Prerequisites
|
||||
|
||||
- Sysmon v14+ deployed with ProcessAccess logging (Event ID 10) for lsass.exe
|
||||
- Windows Security audit policy enabling process creation (Event ID 4688) with command line logging
|
||||
- Splunk or Elastic SIEM ingesting Sysmon and Windows Security logs
|
||||
- Python 3.8+ for log analysis
|
||||
|
||||
## Steps
|
||||
|
||||
1. Configure Sysmon to log ProcessAccess events targeting lsass.exe
|
||||
2. Forward Sysmon Event ID 10 and Windows Event ID 4688 to SIEM
|
||||
3. Create detection rules for known GrantedAccess patterns (0x1010, 0x1FFFFF)
|
||||
4. Detect comsvcs.dll MiniDump and procdump.exe targeting LSASS PID
|
||||
5. Alert on reg.exe SAM/SECURITY/SYSTEM hive export commands
|
||||
6. Detect ntdsutil/vssadmin shadow copy creation for NTDS.dit theft
|
||||
7. Correlate detections with user/host context for risk scoring
|
||||
|
||||
## Expected Output
|
||||
|
||||
JSON report containing detected credential dumping indicators with technique classification, severity ratings, process details, MITRE ATT&CK mapping, and Splunk/Elastic detection queries.
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
|
||||
# Credential Dumping Detection API Reference
|
||||
|
||||
## Sysmon Event ID 10 - ProcessAccess
|
||||
|
||||
### Key Fields
|
||||
```
|
||||
SourceImage - Process accessing LSASS
|
||||
SourceProcessId - PID of accessing process
|
||||
TargetImage - Should be C:\Windows\System32\lsass.exe
|
||||
GrantedAccess - Access rights bitmask
|
||||
CallTrace - DLL call stack of the access
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Suspicious GrantedAccess Values
|
||||
| Value | Meaning | Tool Association |
|
||||
|-------|---------|-----------------|
|
||||
| 0x1010 | VM_READ + QUERY_LIMITED | Mimikatz |
|
||||
| 0x1410 | VM_READ + QUERY_INFO | ProcDump |
|
||||
| 0x1FFFFF | PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS | Various dumpers |
|
||||
| 0x1438 | VM_READ + QUERY + DUP_HANDLE | Cobalt Strike |
|
||||
| 0x40 | DUP_HANDLE only | Handle duplication |
|
||||
|
||||
## Sysmon Event ID 1 - Process Creation
|
||||
|
||||
### Command Line Patterns for Credential Theft
|
||||
```
|
||||
# SAM hive export
|
||||
reg save hklm\sam C:\temp\sam.hiv
|
||||
reg save hklm\security C:\temp\security.hiv
|
||||
reg save hklm\system C:\temp\system.hiv
|
||||
|
||||
# comsvcs.dll LSASS dump
|
||||
rundll32.exe C:\Windows\System32\comsvcs.dll, MiniDump <lsass_pid> dump.bin full
|
||||
|
||||
# NTDS.dit extraction
|
||||
ntdsutil "activate instance ntds" ifm "create full C:\temp"
|
||||
vssadmin create shadow /for=C:
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Splunk SPL Queries
|
||||
|
||||
### LSASS Access Detection
|
||||
```spl
|
||||
index=sysmon EventCode=10 TargetImage="*\\lsass.exe"
|
||||
GrantedAccess IN ("0x1010","0x1FFFFF","0x1410","0x1438")
|
||||
SourceImage!="*\\csrss.exe" SourceImage!="*\\svchost.exe"
|
||||
| stats count by SourceImage, GrantedAccess, Computer, User
|
||||
| sort -count
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### comsvcs.dll MiniDump Detection
|
||||
```spl
|
||||
index=sysmon EventCode=1
|
||||
(CommandLine="*comsvcs*MiniDump*" OR CommandLine="*comsvcs*#24*")
|
||||
| table _time, Computer, User, ParentImage, CommandLine
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### SAM/SECURITY Hive Export
|
||||
```spl
|
||||
index=sysmon EventCode=1 Image="*\\reg.exe"
|
||||
(CommandLine="*save*hklm\\sam*" OR CommandLine="*save*hklm\\security*")
|
||||
| table _time, Computer, User, CommandLine
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Elastic / KQL Queries
|
||||
|
||||
### LSASS Access in Elastic
|
||||
```kql
|
||||
event.code: "10" AND
|
||||
winlog.event_data.TargetImage: *lsass.exe AND
|
||||
winlog.event_data.GrantedAccess: ("0x1010" OR "0x1FFFFF")
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Process Creation with Credential Theft Commands
|
||||
```kql
|
||||
event.code: "1" AND
|
||||
(process.command_line: *comsvcs*MiniDump* OR
|
||||
process.command_line: *reg*save*hklm\\sam*)
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## MITRE ATT&CK Mapping
|
||||
|
||||
| Sub-technique | ID | Detection Method |
|
||||
|---|---|---|
|
||||
| LSASS Memory | T1003.001 | Sysmon EID 10 GrantedAccess |
|
||||
| Security Account Manager | T1003.002 | reg.exe save commands |
|
||||
| NTDS | T1003.003 | ntdsutil / vssadmin commands |
|
||||
| DCSync | T1003.006 | Event ID 4662 with replication GUIDs |
|
||||
|
||||
## CLI Usage
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
# Analyze Sysmon XML export
|
||||
python agent.py --sysmon-xml sysmon_events.xml --output cred_report.json
|
||||
|
||||
# Print Splunk detection queries
|
||||
python agent.py --show-splunk
|
||||
```
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
|
||||
#!/usr/bin/env python3
|
||||
"""Detect credential dumping techniques via Sysmon/Windows event log analysis."""
|
||||
|
||||
import json
|
||||
import re
|
||||
import argparse
|
||||
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
|
||||
from collections import defaultdict
|
||||
from datetime import datetime
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
LSASS_GRANTED_ACCESS_SUSPICIOUS = {
|
||||
"0x1010": "PROCESS_VM_READ | PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION (Mimikatz-style)",
|
||||
"0x1410": "PROCESS_VM_READ | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION (procdump-style)",
|
||||
"0x1FFFFF": "PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS (full access to LSASS)",
|
||||
"0x1438": "PROCESS_VM_READ | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION | PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE",
|
||||
"0x40": "PROCESS_DUP_HANDLE (handle duplication for indirect access)",
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
SUSPICIOUS_CALLERS = [
|
||||
"mimikatz", "procdump", "rundll32.exe", "taskmgr.exe",
|
||||
"powershell.exe", "cmd.exe", "wmic.exe", "cscript.exe", "wscript.exe",
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
||||
SAM_EXPORT_PATTERNS = [
|
||||
r"reg\s+save\s+hklm\\sam",
|
||||
r"reg\s+save\s+hklm\\security",
|
||||
r"reg\s+save\s+hklm\\system",
|
||||
r"esentutl.*ntds\.dit",
|
||||
r"ntdsutil.*\"activate instance ntds\"",
|
||||
r"vssadmin\s+create\s+shadow",
|
||||
r"copy\s+\\\\.*\\c\$.*ntds\.dit",
|
||||
r"secretsdump",
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
||||
COMSVCS_PATTERNS = [
|
||||
r"comsvcs\.dll.*MiniDump",
|
||||
r"comsvcs\.dll.*#24",
|
||||
r"rundll32.*comsvcs",
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def parse_sysmon_xml(xml_path):
|
||||
"""Parse Sysmon event log XML export for Event ID 10 (ProcessAccess)."""
|
||||
tree = ET.parse(xml_path)
|
||||
root = tree.getroot()
|
||||
ns = {"e": "http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event"}
|
||||
events = []
|
||||
for event_el in root.findall(".//e:Event", ns):
|
||||
sys_el = event_el.find("e:System", ns)
|
||||
event_id = int(sys_el.find("e:EventID", ns).text)
|
||||
time_created = sys_el.find("e:TimeCreated", ns).attrib.get("SystemTime", "")
|
||||
data_el = event_el.find("e:EventData", ns)
|
||||
fields = {}
|
||||
for d in data_el.findall("e:Data", ns):
|
||||
fields[d.attrib.get("Name", "")] = d.text or ""
|
||||
events.append({"event_id": event_id, "timestamp": time_created, **fields})
|
||||
return events
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def detect_lsass_access(events):
|
||||
"""Detect suspicious ProcessAccess (Event ID 10) targeting lsass.exe."""
|
||||
alerts = []
|
||||
for ev in events:
|
||||
if ev["event_id"] != 10:
|
||||
continue
|
||||
target = ev.get("TargetImage", "").lower()
|
||||
if "lsass.exe" not in target:
|
||||
continue
|
||||
granted = ev.get("GrantedAccess", "")
|
||||
source_image = ev.get("SourceImage", "").lower()
|
||||
source_name = source_image.split("\\")[-1] if source_image else ""
|
||||
severity = "medium"
|
||||
reasons = []
|
||||
if granted in LSASS_GRANTED_ACCESS_SUSPICIOUS:
|
||||
reasons.append(f"Suspicious GrantedAccess {granted}: {LSASS_GRANTED_ACCESS_SUSPICIOUS[granted]}")
|
||||
severity = "critical" if granted == "0x1FFFFF" else "high"
|
||||
if any(s in source_name for s in SUSPICIOUS_CALLERS):
|
||||
reasons.append(f"Suspicious calling process: {source_name}")
|
||||
severity = "critical"
|
||||
if not reasons:
|
||||
continue
|
||||
alerts.append({
|
||||
"detection": "LSASS Memory Access",
|
||||
"mitre_technique": "T1003.001",
|
||||
"timestamp": ev["timestamp"],
|
||||
"source_process": ev.get("SourceImage", ""),
|
||||
"source_pid": ev.get("SourceProcessId", ""),
|
||||
"target_process": ev.get("TargetImage", ""),
|
||||
"granted_access": granted,
|
||||
"call_trace": ev.get("CallTrace", "")[:200],
|
||||
"severity": severity,
|
||||
"reasons": reasons,
|
||||
"user": ev.get("SourceUser", ev.get("User", "")),
|
||||
"host": ev.get("Computer", ""),
|
||||
})
|
||||
return alerts
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def detect_credential_commands(events):
|
||||
"""Detect SAM/NTDS.dit export and comsvcs.dll dump commands from Event ID 1 or 4688."""
|
||||
alerts = []
|
||||
for ev in events:
|
||||
if ev["event_id"] not in (1, 4688):
|
||||
continue
|
||||
cmdline = ev.get("CommandLine", ev.get("ProcessCommandLine", "")).lower()
|
||||
if not cmdline:
|
||||
continue
|
||||
for pattern in SAM_EXPORT_PATTERNS:
|
||||
if re.search(pattern, cmdline, re.IGNORECASE):
|
||||
technique = "T1003.002" if "sam" in cmdline or "security" in cmdline else "T1003.003"
|
||||
alerts.append({
|
||||
"detection": "Registry Hive / NTDS.dit Export",
|
||||
"mitre_technique": technique,
|
||||
"timestamp": ev["timestamp"],
|
||||
"command_line": ev.get("CommandLine", ev.get("ProcessCommandLine", "")),
|
||||
"process": ev.get("Image", ev.get("NewProcessName", "")),
|
||||
"user": ev.get("User", ev.get("SubjectUserName", "")),
|
||||
"severity": "critical",
|
||||
})
|
||||
break
|
||||
for pattern in COMSVCS_PATTERNS:
|
||||
if re.search(pattern, cmdline, re.IGNORECASE):
|
||||
alerts.append({
|
||||
"detection": "LSASS Dump via comsvcs.dll",
|
||||
"mitre_technique": "T1003.001",
|
||||
"timestamp": ev["timestamp"],
|
||||
"command_line": ev.get("CommandLine", ev.get("ProcessCommandLine", "")),
|
||||
"process": ev.get("Image", ev.get("NewProcessName", "")),
|
||||
"user": ev.get("User", ev.get("SubjectUserName", "")),
|
||||
"severity": "critical",
|
||||
})
|
||||
break
|
||||
return alerts
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def detect_ntdll_access(events):
|
||||
"""Detect suspicious ntdll.dll access patterns in CallTrace (Mimikatz signature)."""
|
||||
alerts = []
|
||||
for ev in events:
|
||||
if ev["event_id"] != 10:
|
||||
continue
|
||||
call_trace = ev.get("CallTrace", "")
|
||||
if "ntdll.dll" in call_trace.lower() and "UNKNOWN" in call_trace:
|
||||
target = ev.get("TargetImage", "").lower()
|
||||
if "lsass.exe" in target:
|
||||
alerts.append({
|
||||
"detection": "NTDLL Suspicious CallTrace (Mimikatz Signature)",
|
||||
"mitre_technique": "T1003.001",
|
||||
"timestamp": ev["timestamp"],
|
||||
"source_process": ev.get("SourceImage", ""),
|
||||
"call_trace_snippet": call_trace[:300],
|
||||
"severity": "critical",
|
||||
})
|
||||
return alerts
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def generate_splunk_queries():
|
||||
"""Return SPL detection queries for credential dumping."""
|
||||
return {
|
||||
"lsass_access": (
|
||||
'index=sysmon EventCode=10 TargetImage="*\\\\lsass.exe" '
|
||||
'GrantedAccess IN ("0x1010","0x1FFFFF","0x1410","0x1438") '
|
||||
'| stats count by SourceImage, GrantedAccess, Computer'
|
||||
),
|
||||
"comsvcs_dump": (
|
||||
'index=sysmon EventCode=1 CommandLine="*comsvcs*MiniDump*" '
|
||||
'OR CommandLine="*comsvcs*#24*" | table _time, Computer, User, CommandLine'
|
||||
),
|
||||
"sam_export": (
|
||||
'index=sysmon EventCode=1 (CommandLine="*reg*save*hklm\\\\sam*" '
|
||||
'OR CommandLine="*reg*save*hklm\\\\security*") '
|
||||
'| table _time, Computer, User, CommandLine'
|
||||
),
|
||||
"ntds_extraction": (
|
||||
'index=sysmon EventCode=1 (CommandLine="*ntdsutil*" '
|
||||
'OR CommandLine="*vssadmin*create*shadow*") '
|
||||
'| table _time, Computer, User, CommandLine'
|
||||
),
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
def main():
|
||||
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Credential Dumping Detection Agent")
|
||||
parser.add_argument("--sysmon-xml", help="Path to Sysmon event log XML export")
|
||||
parser.add_argument("--output", default="credential_dump_report.json", help="Output report path")
|
||||
parser.add_argument("--show-splunk", action="store_true", help="Print Splunk detection queries")
|
||||
args = parser.parse_args()
|
||||
|
||||
if args.show_splunk:
|
||||
for name, spl in generate_splunk_queries().items():
|
||||
print(f"\n--- {name} ---\n{spl}")
|
||||
return
|
||||
|
||||
if not args.sysmon_xml:
|
||||
print("[!] Provide --sysmon-xml path or use --show-splunk for detection queries")
|
||||
return
|
||||
|
||||
events = parse_sysmon_xml(args.sysmon_xml)
|
||||
print(f"[+] Parsed {len(events)} Sysmon/Security events")
|
||||
|
||||
lsass_alerts = detect_lsass_access(events)
|
||||
cmd_alerts = detect_credential_commands(events)
|
||||
ntdll_alerts = detect_ntdll_access(events)
|
||||
|
||||
report = {
|
||||
"analysis_time": datetime.utcnow().isoformat() + "Z",
|
||||
"total_events": len(events),
|
||||
"detections": {
|
||||
"lsass_memory_access": lsass_alerts,
|
||||
"credential_export_commands": cmd_alerts,
|
||||
"ntdll_suspicious_calltrace": ntdll_alerts,
|
||||
},
|
||||
"total_alerts": len(lsass_alerts) + len(cmd_alerts) + len(ntdll_alerts),
|
||||
"mitre_techniques": ["T1003.001", "T1003.002", "T1003.003"],
|
||||
"splunk_queries": generate_splunk_queries(),
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
with open(args.output, "w") as f:
|
||||
json.dump(report, f, indent=2)
|
||||
print(f"[+] LSASS access alerts: {len(lsass_alerts)}")
|
||||
print(f"[+] Credential export commands: {len(cmd_alerts)}")
|
||||
print(f"[+] NTDLL suspicious traces: {len(ntdll_alerts)}")
|
||||
print(f"[+] Report saved to {args.output}")
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||||
main()
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user