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API Reference: Testing OAuth2 Implementation Flaws
OAuth 2.0 Grant Types
| Grant Type | Use Case | Risk Level |
|---|---|---|
| Authorization Code | Server-side apps | Low (with PKCE) |
| Authorization Code + PKCE | Mobile/SPA apps | Low |
| Implicit | Legacy SPAs | High (deprecated) |
| Client Credentials | Machine-to-machine | Medium |
| Resource Owner Password | Legacy migration | High |
OAuth Attack Surface
| Attack | Severity | Vector |
|---|---|---|
| Redirect URI bypass | Critical | Subdomain, path traversal, encoding |
| Missing state parameter | High | CSRF-based account linking |
| PKCE bypass | High | Authorization code interception |
| Scope escalation | High | Request unauthorized permissions |
| Code reuse | High | Replay authorization code |
| Token in URL fragment | Medium | Referer header leakage |
| Implicit flow | Medium | Token exposure in browser history |
Redirect URI Bypass Techniques
| Technique | Example |
|---|---|
| Subdomain append | redirect.com.evil.com |
| Path traversal | redirect.com/../evil.com |
| At-sign confusion | redirect.com@evil.com |
| Fragment bypass | redirect.com%23@evil.com |
| Query parameter | redirect.com?next=evil.com |
| HTTP downgrade | http:// instead of https:// |
Python Libraries
| Library | Version | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
requests |
>=2.28 | HTTP OAuth flow testing |
secrets |
stdlib | State/nonce generation |
urllib.parse |
stdlib | URL parameter encoding |
hashlib |
stdlib | PKCE code challenge |
References
- OAuth 2.0 Security Best Practices: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-oauth-security-topics
- PortSwigger OAuth: https://portswigger.net/web-security/oauth
- RFC 6749: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6749
- RFC 7636 (PKCE): https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7636