API Reference: Data Exfiltration Detection
Exfiltration Methods (MITRE ATT&CK)
| Technique |
ID |
Description |
| Exfiltration Over C2 Channel |
T1041 |
Via existing C2 |
| Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol |
T1048 |
DNS, ICMP, etc. |
| Exfiltration Over Web Service |
T1567 |
Cloud storage |
| Automated Exfiltration |
T1020 |
Scripted transfer |
DNS Exfiltration Indicators
| Indicator |
Threshold |
| Shannon entropy |
> 3.5 |
| Subdomain length |
> 40 chars |
| Query volume per domain |
> 100/hour |
| TXT record responses |
> 500 bytes |
Zeek Log Fields
conn.log
| Field |
Description |
ts |
Timestamp |
id.orig_h |
Source IP |
id.resp_h |
Destination IP |
orig_bytes |
Bytes from source |
resp_bytes |
Bytes from destination |
dns.log
| Field |
Description |
query |
DNS query name |
qtype_name |
Query type (A, TXT, etc.) |
answers |
Response answers |
Python Libraries
| Library |
Use |
csv |
Parse Zeek TSV logs |
math |
Shannon entropy calculation |
collections.defaultdict |
Aggregate statistics |
dpkt |
PCAP parsing |
scapy |
Packet-level analysis |
Shannon Entropy Formula
Normal domain: H < 3.0, Exfil encoded: H > 3.5