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mukul975
70 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
70 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
---
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name: implementing-rsa-key-pair-management
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description: RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) is the most widely deployed asymmetric cryptographic algorithm, used for digital signatures, key exchange, and encryption. This skill covers generating, storing, rotating,
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domain: cybersecurity
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subdomain: cryptography
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tags: [cryptography, rsa, key-management, pki, asymmetric-encryption]
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version: "1.0"
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author: mahipal
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license: MIT
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---
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# Implementing RSA Key Pair Management
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## Overview
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RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) is the most widely deployed asymmetric cryptographic algorithm, used for digital signatures, key exchange, and encryption. This skill covers generating, storing, rotating, and managing RSA key pairs following NIST SP 800-57 key management guidelines, including key serialization formats (PEM, DER, PKCS#8), passphrase protection, and key strength validation.
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## Objectives
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- Generate RSA key pairs with appropriate key sizes (2048, 3072, 4096 bits)
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- Serialize keys in PEM and DER formats with PKCS#8
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- Protect private keys with strong passphrase encryption
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- Implement key rotation with versioning
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- Extract public key components and fingerprints
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- Validate key strength and detect weak keys
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- Sign and verify data using RSA-PSS
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## Key Concepts
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### RSA Key Sizes and Security Strength
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| Key Size (bits) | Security Strength (bits) | Recommended Until |
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|-----------------|-------------------------|-------------------|
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| 2048 | 112 | 2030 |
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| 3072 | 128 | Beyond 2030 |
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| 4096 | ~140 | Beyond 2030 |
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### RSA Padding Schemes
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| Scheme | Use Case | Standard |
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|--------|----------|----------|
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| OAEP | Encryption | PKCS#1 v2.2 (RFC 8017) |
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| PSS | Signatures | PKCS#1 v2.2 (RFC 8017) |
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| PKCS#1 v1.5 | Legacy only | Deprecated for new systems |
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### Key Storage Formats
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- **PEM**: Base64-encoded with headers, human-readable
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- **DER**: Binary ASN.1 encoding, compact
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- **PKCS#8**: Standard for private key encapsulation
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- **PKCS#12/PFX**: Bundled key + certificate, password-protected
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## Security Considerations
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- Minimum 3072-bit keys for new deployments (NIST recommendation)
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- Always protect private keys with AES-256-CBC passphrase encryption
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- Use RSA-PSS for signatures (not PKCS#1 v1.5)
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- Use RSA-OAEP for encryption (not PKCS#1 v1.5)
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- Store private keys with restrictive file permissions (0600)
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- Implement key rotation at least annually
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## Validation Criteria
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- [ ] Key generation produces valid RSA key pair
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- [ ] Public key can be extracted from private key
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- [ ] Private key is protected with passphrase
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- [ ] RSA-PSS signature verification succeeds
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- [ ] Tampered signature verification fails
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- [ ] Key fingerprint is computed correctly
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- [ ] Key rotation maintains old key access for verification
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