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108 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
108 lines
2.9 KiB
Markdown
# API Reference: Implementing Network Intrusion Prevention with Suricata
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## Suricata Rule Syntax
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```
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action protocol src_ip src_port -> dst_ip dst_port (options;)
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```
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### Actions
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| Action | Mode | Description |
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|--------|------|-------------|
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| `alert` | IDS/IPS | Generate alert |
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| `pass` | IDS/IPS | Stop inspection of packet |
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| `drop` | IPS only | Drop packet and generate alert |
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| `reject` | IPS only | Send RST/ICMP unreachable + drop |
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| `rejectsrc` | IPS only | Send RST/unreachable to source |
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| `rejectboth` | IPS only | Send RST/unreachable to both |
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### Example Rules
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```
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# Block known malicious TLS certificate
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drop tls $HOME_NET any -> $EXTERNAL_NET any (msg:"Malicious TLS Cert"; tls.cert_subject; content:"CN=badactor.com"; sid:1000001; rev:1;)
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# Detect and drop SQL injection attempts
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drop http $EXTERNAL_NET any -> $HOME_NET any (msg:"SQL Injection Attempt"; flow:established,to_server; http.uri; pcre:"/(\%27)|(\')|(\-\-)|(\%23)|(#)/i"; sid:1000002; rev:1;)
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# Alert on DNS exfiltration (long subdomain)
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alert dns $HOME_NET any -> any 53 (msg:"DNS Exfiltration Possible"; dns.query; pcre:"/^[a-z0-9]{32,}\./i"; threshold:type both, track by_src, count 10, seconds 60; sid:1000003; rev:1;)
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```
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## suricata-update Commands
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```bash
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# Update rule sources
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suricata-update update-sources
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suricata-update list-sources
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# Enable Emerging Threats Open ruleset
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suricata-update enable-source et/open
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# Update rules and reload
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suricata-update
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suricatasc -c reload-rules
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```
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## Suricata CLI
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```bash
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# IDS mode (passive)
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suricata -c /etc/suricata/suricata.yaml -i eth0
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# IPS mode (inline via NFQUEUE)
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suricata -c /etc/suricata/suricata.yaml -q 0
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# Offline PCAP analysis
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suricata -c /etc/suricata/suricata.yaml -r capture.pcap -l /var/log/suricata/
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# Test configuration
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suricata -T -c /etc/suricata/suricata.yaml
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# Unix socket control
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suricatasc -c reload-rules
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suricatasc -c dump-counters
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suricatasc -c iface-stat eth0
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```
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## EVE JSON Log Format
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```json
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{
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"timestamp": "2025-01-15T10:30:00.000000+0000",
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"event_type": "alert",
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"src_ip": "192.168.1.100",
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"dest_ip": "10.0.0.5",
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"src_port": 52341,
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"dest_port": 443,
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"proto": "TCP",
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"alert": {
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"action": "blocked",
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"gid": 1,
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"signature_id": 2028759,
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"rev": 3,
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"signature": "ET MALWARE Cobalt Strike Beacon",
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"category": "A Network Trojan was detected",
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"severity": 1
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}
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}
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```
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## Performance Tuning
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| Setting | Default | Recommended (IPS) |
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|---------|---------|-------------------|
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| `max-pending-packets` | 1024 | 4096-65000 |
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| `default-packet-size` | 1514 | 1514 |
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| `runmode` | autofp | workers |
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| `detect.profile` | medium | high |
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| `mpm-algo` | auto | hs (Hyperscan) |
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### References
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- Suricata Docs: https://docs.suricata.io/en/latest/
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- Suricata Rules Format: https://docs.suricata.io/en/latest/rules/intro.html
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- ET Open Ruleset: https://rules.emergingthreats.net/open/
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- suricata-update: https://suricata-update.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
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