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Mapped every skill to NIST CSF 2.0 subcategory IDs (GV/ID/PR/DE/RS/RC functions) based on subdomain and content analysis. Restores 11 skills corrupted during prior rebase, re-enriching with ATLAS, D3FEND, NIST AI RMF, and CSF 2.0 fields. All 754 skills now carry structured mappings for all 5 security frameworks: - MITRE ATT&CK (in tags) - MITRE ATLAS v5.5 (atlas_techniques) - MITRE D3FEND v1.3 (d3fend_techniques) - NIST AI RMF 1.0 (nist_ai_rmf) - NIST CSF 2.0 (nist_csf)
105 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
105 lines
4.1 KiB
Markdown
---
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name: configuring-tls-1-3-for-secure-communications
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description: TLS 1.3 (RFC 8446) is the latest version of the Transport Layer Security protocol, providing significant improvements
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over TLS 1.2 in both security and performance. It reduces handshake latency to 1-R
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domain: cybersecurity
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subdomain: cryptography
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tags:
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- cryptography
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- tls
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- ssl
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- transport-security
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- network-security
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version: '1.0'
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author: mahipal
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license: Apache-2.0
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nist_csf:
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- PR.DS-01
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- PR.DS-02
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- PR.DS-10
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---
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# Configuring TLS 1.3 for Secure Communications
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## Overview
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TLS 1.3 (RFC 8446) is the latest version of the Transport Layer Security protocol, providing significant improvements over TLS 1.2 in both security and performance. It reduces handshake latency to 1-RTT (and 0-RTT for resumed sessions), removes obsolete cipher suites, and mandates perfect forward secrecy. This skill covers configuring TLS 1.3 on servers, validating configurations, and testing for common misconfigurations.
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## When to Use
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- When deploying or configuring configuring tls 1 3 for secure communications capabilities in your environment
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- When establishing security controls aligned to compliance requirements
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- When building or improving security architecture for this domain
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- When conducting security assessments that require this implementation
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## Prerequisites
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- Familiarity with cryptography concepts and tools
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- Access to a test or lab environment for safe execution
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- Python 3.8+ with required dependencies installed
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- Appropriate authorization for any testing activities
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## Objectives
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- Configure TLS 1.3 on nginx and Apache web servers
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- Implement TLS 1.3 in Python applications using the ssl module
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- Validate TLS configurations with openssl and testssl.sh
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- Understand TLS 1.3 cipher suites and key exchange mechanisms
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- Configure 0-RTT early data with appropriate protections
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- Disable legacy TLS versions (1.0, 1.1) and weak cipher suites
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## Key Concepts
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### TLS 1.3 Cipher Suites
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| Cipher Suite | Key Exchange | Authentication | Encryption | Hash |
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|-------------|-------------|----------------|------------|------|
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| TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 | ECDHE/DHE | Certificate | AES-256-GCM | SHA-384 |
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| TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 | ECDHE/DHE | Certificate | AES-128-GCM | SHA-256 |
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| TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 | ECDHE/DHE | Certificate | ChaCha20-Poly1305 | SHA-256 |
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### TLS 1.3 vs 1.2 Improvements
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- **1-RTT Handshake**: Full handshake completes in one round trip (vs 2 in TLS 1.2)
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- **0-RTT Resumption**: Resumed connections can send data immediately
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- **No RSA Key Exchange**: Only ephemeral Diffie-Hellman (mandatory PFS)
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- **Simplified Cipher Suites**: Removed CBC, RC4, 3DES, static RSA, SHA-1
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- **Encrypted Handshake**: Server certificate is encrypted after ServerHello
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### Key Exchange Groups
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- **x25519**: Curve25519 ECDH (preferred, fast)
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- **secp256r1**: NIST P-256 ECDH (widely supported)
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- **secp384r1**: NIST P-384 ECDH (higher security margin)
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- **x448**: Curve448 ECDH (highest security)
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## Workflow
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1. Verify OpenSSL version supports TLS 1.3 (1.1.1+)
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2. Generate or obtain TLS certificate and private key
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3. Configure server to use TLS 1.3 cipher suites
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4. Disable TLS 1.0 and 1.1 (optionally keep 1.2 for compatibility)
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5. Set preferred key exchange groups
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6. Enable OCSP stapling for certificate validation
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7. Test configuration with openssl s_client and testssl.sh
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8. Configure HSTS header for HTTP Strict Transport Security
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## Security Considerations
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- 0-RTT data is vulnerable to replay attacks; limit to idempotent requests
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- Always include TLS 1.2 fallback if legacy client support is required
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- Use ECDSA certificates for better performance (vs RSA)
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- Enable OCSP stapling to improve client certificate validation
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- Set HSTS header with long max-age and includeSubDomains
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- Monitor for certificate transparency logs
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## Validation Criteria
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- [ ] TLS 1.3 handshake completes successfully
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- [ ] Only approved cipher suites are offered
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- [ ] Perfect forward secrecy is enforced
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- [ ] TLS 1.0 and 1.1 are rejected
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- [ ] OCSP stapling is functional
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- [ ] Certificate chain is valid and complete
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- [ ] testssl.sh reports no vulnerabilities
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