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- Add scripts/agent.py and references/api-reference.md to all remaining skills - Update all 648 LICENSE files: copyright now reads 'Mahipal' - Add implementing-security-monitoring-with-datadog (new skill with full anatomy) - All 649 skills now have: SKILL.md, LICENSE, scripts/agent.py, references/api-reference.md
58 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
58 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
# API Rate Limiting Bypass — API Reference
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## Libraries
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| Library | Install | Purpose |
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|---------|---------|---------|
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| requests | `pip install requests` | HTTP request sending with custom headers |
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## Rate Limit Response Headers
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| Header | Description |
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|--------|-------------|
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| `X-RateLimit-Limit` | Maximum requests per window |
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| `X-RateLimit-Remaining` | Requests remaining in window |
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| `X-RateLimit-Reset` | Timestamp when limit resets |
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| `Retry-After` | Seconds to wait before retrying |
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| `RateLimit-Policy` | IETF draft rate limit policy |
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## IP Spoofing Bypass Headers
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| Header | Description |
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|--------|-------------|
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| `X-Forwarded-For` | Standard proxy forwarding header |
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| `X-Real-IP` | NGINX real client IP |
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| `X-Originating-IP` | Client originating IP |
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| `X-Client-IP` | Client IP identifier |
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| `True-Client-IP` | Akamai/CDN client IP |
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| `CF-Connecting-IP` | Cloudflare client IP |
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| `Forwarded` | RFC 7239 forwarded header |
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## Bypass Techniques
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| Technique | Description | Severity |
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|-----------|-------------|----------|
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| Header IP rotation | Rotate X-Forwarded-For per request | HIGH |
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| HTTP method switching | GET rate-limited but POST is not | MEDIUM |
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| Path variation | `/api/users` vs `/api/users/` | MEDIUM |
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| Case variation | `/API/Users` vs `/api/users` | MEDIUM |
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| URL encoding | `%2Fapi%2Fusers` instead of `/api/users` | MEDIUM |
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| Null byte injection | Append `%00` to URL path | HIGH |
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| API version switching | `/v1/users` vs `/v2/users` | MEDIUM |
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| Parameter pollution | Duplicate query parameters | MEDIUM |
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## OWASP API4:2023 — Unrestricted Resource Consumption
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| Risk | Description |
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|------|-------------|
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| Missing rate limits | No throttling on sensitive endpoints |
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| Per-IP only limits | Bypassed with header spoofing |
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| No auth-based limiting | Rate limit tied to IP, not user |
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| Inconsistent enforcement | Different limits per method/version |
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## External References
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- [OWASP API Security Top 10](https://owasp.org/API-Security/)
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- [IETF RateLimit Header Fields](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-httpapi-ratelimit-headers/)
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- [HackTricks Rate Limit Bypass](https://book.hacktricks.xyz/pentesting-web/rate-limit-bypass)
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