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Active Directory Tiered Model — API Reference
Libraries
| Library | Install | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| ldap3 | pip install ldap3 |
LDAP queries for AD group and account enumeration |
| pyad | pip install pyad |
Windows AD object manipulation |
Key ldap3 Methods
| Method | Description |
|---|---|
Connection(server, user, password, authentication=NTLM) |
NTLM-authenticated LDAP bind |
conn.search(base_dn, filter, attributes) |
Search AD objects |
conn.entries |
Result entries from search |
AD Tier Definitions (Microsoft ESAE)
| Tier | Assets | Admin Accounts |
|---|---|---|
| Tier 0 | Domain Controllers, AD, PKI, ADFS | Domain Admins, Enterprise Admins |
| Tier 1 | Member servers, applications | Server admins, app admins |
| Tier 2 | Workstations, end users | Help desk, workstation admins |
Critical AD Groups (Tier 0)
| Group | SID Suffix |
|---|---|
| Domain Admins | -512 |
| Enterprise Admins | -519 |
| Schema Admins | -518 |
| Administrators | -544 |
| Account Operators | -548 |
| Backup Operators | -551 |
UserAccountControl Flags
| Flag | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ACCOUNTDISABLE | 0x2 | Account is disabled |
| DONT_EXPIRE_PASSWORD | 0x10000 | Password never expires |
| NOT_DELEGATED | 0x100000 | Account is sensitive for delegation |